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b)
t,kt
піроліз 600 С / kt B
+ CH Cl, AlCl
о
метан
methane А Б 3 3 В C
хлоробензен
chlorobenzene

LABORATORY WORK № 4

Natural sources of hydrocarbons and their
processing

Purpose:
To know the nature and composition of natural
sources of hydrocarbons: natural and associated petroleum
gas, petroleum, coal.
Own information on the processing of natural
hydrocarbons and their use: thermal cracking, catalytic
cracking, pyrolysis.
Be able to experimentally determine the fractional
composition of oil.

Reagents and equipment:
Oil, Wurtz's flask, Wurtz's nozzle, direct refrigerator,
allonge, receivers, thermometer at 250 ° C, "hot water" (thin
glass capillaries), electric heating device, technical scales,
arrmeter.
The theoretical part
Oil is a mixture of organic compounds, most of which
are hydrocarbons. All the oils contain alkanes, cycloalkanes
(naphthenes), arenes, however, their quantitative ratios in
different oils are unequal. Distillation of oil, that is, its
separation into a fraction depending on the boiling point, is