Page 46 - 6273

MODULE 2 REDUCTION-OXIDATION. CHEMICAL KINETICS.

SOLUTIONS. SALTS HYDROLYSIS. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF

METALS. BASICS OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY

CONTENTS MODULE 2.1 REDUCTION-OXIDATION. CHEMICAL

KINETICS.

LECTURE 6. REDUCTION-OXIDATION PROCESSES

PROGRAM QUESTIONS:

6.1 OXIDATION STATE

6.2 GENERAL CONCEPTS OF OXIDATION-REDUCTION PROCESSES

6.3 OXIDANTS AND REDUCING AGENTS

6.4 EQUATIONS OF OXIDATIVE-REDUCTION REACTIONS

6.1. Oxidation State
Most chemical reactions are accompanied by a change in the electron density

of the reactants atoms. In turn, changing the electron density or even changing the

electron configurations of atoms, ions, or molecules leads to a change in the

oxidation state of the elements.
One of the most important concepts of general chemistry is the oxidation

state. Due to the magnitudes of the elements electronegativity, the oxidation state
characterizes the state of the atoms in the compounds.

The oxidation state is a conditional charge that would have an atom, if all its
connections with other atoms were ion.

That is, the oxidation state is understood as the electric charge of the atom,

calculated on the assumption that this compound consists of ions. Depending on

46