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3. to conspire
a) is to combine with other people to carry out an unlawful purpose;
b) is to talk to other people about, the possibility of committing an
unlawful purpose;
c) is to egg on other students to miss the lecture. 4. Mens rea
a) is the wrong way of writing the plural of "men";
b) is the premeditation by (he accused, in some way, of the criminal
consequences of his act;
c) is the harmful action or failure to carry out one which endangers
the safety of other people.
5. Тhe Defense of Entrapment
a) is the concept that police may not instigate the crime;
b) is the plea of being framed up by one's own friends
(accomplices);
c) is the act of counter entrapment, used by criminals to frame up
police officers.
6. Insanity
a) is the state of being not-particularly sane;
b) is the state when the person does not fully comprehend what
he/she is doing;
c) is the one of the pleas based on the lack of mental capacity.

Task 10. Topics for discussion.
1.Awareness by the criminal of a high probability of arrest is the most effective deterrent to crime.
2.The emotional problems of convicts should be given special consideration.
3.Crime can only be drastically reduced by the elimination of social injustices.

Supplementary tasks

Task 1. Complete the following sentences.
Wrongdoer; misdeeds; deterrent; retribution; death penalty; corporal punishment; rehabilitate;
reform; barbaric; law-abiding; humane; crime doesn’t pay
What is the purpose of punishment? One purpose is obviously to______ the offender, to correct the
offender’s moral attitudes and antisocial behavior and to______ him or her, which means to assist the
offender to return to normal life as a useful member of the community.
Punishment can also be seen as a ______ because it warns other people of what will happen if they
are tempted to break the law and prevents them from doing so. However, the third purpose of punishment
lies, perhaps, in society’s desire for______, which basically means revenge. In other words, don’t we feel
that a ______ should suffer for his _______?
The form of punishment should also be considered. On the one hand, some believe that we should
‘make the punishment fit the crime”. Those who steal from others should be deprived of their own property
to ensure that criminals are left in no doubt that ______ _______ _______. For those who attack others
_______ _______ should be used. Murderers should be subject to the principle ‘An eye for an eye and a
tooth for a tooth’ and automatically receive the______ ____.
On the other hand it is said that such views are unreasonable, cruel and_____ and that we should show
a more ______ attitude to punishment and try to understand why a person commits a crime and how society
has failed to enable him to live a respectable,_______ life.

Task 2. Read the text and write down Ukrainian equivalents for the words in bold type.
Punishment describes the imposition by some authority of deprivation – usually painful – on a person
who has violated a law, a rule, or other norm. When the violation is of the criminal law of society there is a
formal process of a accusation and proof followed by imposition of a sentence by a designated official,
usually a judge. Informally, any organized group – most typically the family, may punish perceived
wrongdoers.

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