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1.The Constitution of the USA spells out certain protections for the defendant in a criminal case, not to
be violated by the governmental agencies.
2.During the arraignment the defendant is free to enter either of the following pleas: a) guilty; b) not
guilty; c) insanity; d) double jeopardy; e) no contest.
3.A criminal prosecution begins when the accused is found, or there is probable case to believe that
the accused commited the crime.
4.If the jury at a criminal trial is unimpressed by or does not believe the defense of the accused it turns
out an unfavorable verdict.
5.The intent to commit a crime by itself and is prosecuted respectively.

Task 7. Make the following complete by translating the words or phrases in brackets.
1.A crime consists of two elements (злочинна діяльність) and (вина).
2.There are various definitions of a (злочину) in English literature.
3.Some (злочини, передбачені законом) require no fault at all.
4.Involantary (просте вбивство) is a crime requiring objective fault.
5.Statutory crimes imposing liability without fault include the sale of adulterated food and sale of
alcoholic beverages to a (неповнолітньому)
6.Liability will not begin until the offender (скоює протиправну дію).
7.The actus reus must of course (вчинятись навмисно).

Task 8. Complete the following sentences.
1.A crime (це дія, яку законодавство визначає як соціально згубну).
2.Сlassifications of crime may depend on (серйозності вчинку, який визначається тривалістю
покарання або за типом соціальної шкоди) the statute intends ( відвертати або стримувати).
3.(Бути винним у кримінальному злочині), it is not necessary (вчиняти навмисний злочин).
4.(Оскільки одній зі сторін може ставитись за провину змова учасників), the criminal act of an
agent, (може бути представлено організатору ), if the principal shares the agent’s intent.
5.(До того як кримінальна відповідальність може набрати чинності), the accused must have
intended in some way (кримінальні наслідки своєї дії).
6.(Захист провокування на злочин з метою його викриття) may also be used to escape
(кримінальної відповідальності).
7.(Кримінальне переслідування розпочинається) when there is probable cause to believe that
(обвинуваченний скоїв злочин).

Task 8. Change the sentence by choosing an appropriate synonym from the list below for the
underlined words.
An attempt, intended crime, mens rea, dispensed with, defendant, responsible

1.To be found guilty of a crime, it is not necessary to commit the intended crime
2.To be found criminal liable, a person must commit a criminal act and also intend to commit the act.
3.An endeavour to commit the crime is punishable as well.
4.This criminal intent requirement isn’t in some instances administered by.
5.The accused in a criminal case is entitled to certain prosecutions spelled out in the Constitution.

Task 9. Choose the correct definition of the legal terms
1. Crime
a) is an act that a legislature has defined as socially harmful;
b) is something your Daddy tells you not to do;
c) is the official interpretation of a socially unacceptable activity.
2. Felonies and misdemeanors
a) are the classification of crime by the type of social harm the
statute intends to prevent;
b) are the classification of crime by the time when it was committed;
c) are the classification of crime by the seriousness of the act.
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