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When the Queen signifies her Assent, a Bill becomes an Act of
Parliament.

Task 2. Read the text and translate it into Ukrainian.
The Lawmaking in Ukraine
Ukraine legal system by its nature belongs to the Romano –
Germanic legal family (the continental law system). This means that it is
based on a pandect system, where the main legislation sources are codified
laws. There are a number of codified laws in the main spheres of national
legislation. Among such codes the main ones are the following: the Civil
Code, the Economic Code, the Criminal Code, the Land Code, the Family
Code, the Customs Code, Civil Procedural Code, Criminal Procedural
Code, the Labor Code, the Air Transportation Code, etc.
Ukrainian legal system also has a well structured hierarchy of
normative acts. Only the Verkhovna Rada is entitled to issue normative
acts in the form of laws. They are the highest normative acts in Ukraine.
Normative legal acts in Ukraine have different legal validity depending on
the law – making subject and the state body which issues it.
The right to adopt laws in Ukraine belongs to the Verkhovna Rada.
They have the highest legal force in the state. The Article 92 of the
Constitution points out the areas where the relations are governed
exclusively by the laws of Ukraine.
According to the Constitution of Ukraine as amended, the President
of Ukraine, National Deputies of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of
Ukraine have the rights of the legislative initiative.
The law adopted by the Verkhovna Rada goes to the President for
signing. The President signs or returns it with his/her propositions for
repeated consideration. The Verkhovna Rada may overrule the President’s
veto by the ¾ voters of the National Deputies list.
The law comes into force ten days after its official publication, if not
otherwise stipulated in the law itself.
The next layer of Ukrainian legislation is secondary legislation.
Different normative acts in the form of decrees, resolution, orders etc.
issued by the President, the Cabinet of Ministers, the National Bank,
ministries and other state agencies are adopted on the basis and in
realization of the general provisions of laws.

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