Page 68 - 6200

6 Find antonyms in the text for the following words.
shallow permanently
unviable frequent
incomes to fire
low-price to rig up

7 Say whether the following statements are true or false.

1 Costs depend on such factors as the size of the reservoir, its productivity, and its reliability.
2 The company carefully reviews and analyzes seismic records.
3 3. On land, operating personnel usually try to choose a spot directly under the reservoir.
4 A reserve pit is an open pit that is bulldozed from the land next to the rig.
5 In the early days of drilling, the reserve pit was mainly a place to store a reserve supply of
extracted oil.
6 Sizes vary, but a typical cellar is about to three feet on a side and perhaps to feet deep.
7 Rigs with kellys require a rathole – a deep hole drilled off to the side of the mousehole.
8 The mousehole is a lined hole into which the crew puts a lengths, or joint, of drill pipe during
drilling operations.
9 The crew often secures the conductor pipe in the hole with the drilling mud.
10 Built-in engines and screws (propellers) move the rig through the water.

8 Fill in the gaps.
a) pit d) contractor g) migratory
b) bulldozer e) wastes h) hole
c) fence f) sensitive i) plastic
Modern reserve pits mainly hold rig _____ (1) temporarily. For example, cuttings carried up
the _____ (2) by the drilling mud fall into the reserve _____(3). After finishing the well, the drilling
_____ (4) or operator removes any harmful material that may be in the pit and properly disposes of
it. A _____ (5) then covers it with dirt and levels it. If necessary, the contractor lines а reserve pit
with _____ (6) to prevent soil and groundwater pollution (fig. 61). In especially _____ (7) areas,
such as in a _____ (8) bird flyway or in a wildlife refuge, contractors cover the pit with netting to
prevent birds from landing in it. In addition, they may put up a _____ (9) to keep cattle or wildlife
out.

9 Scan the text and correct spelling and grammar mistakes.
On a drilling locations where the ground are soft, a rathole rig and crew cannot be needed.
Instead, the contractor can usualy move in the regular rig and his crews right away. Once the
driling crew members got the regular rig ready, they rig up a pile diver and drive the conductors
casing onto the ground, just as Colonel Drake did in Oil Creek. Though, peoples in the oil patch
sometime call conductor casing “drive pipe.” After driving a casing, the rig crew begans drilling
inside it.
If the ground is too difficult for the conductor pipe to be drive, crew members can use the regular
rig to drill the conductor hole. What's more, they may also drill the rat hole and mouthhole, using
specific equipment on the regular rig.

44