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while it is at work or being moved.
Office Personnel
Vital to any drilling project are those who work in or near company offices. Operating
companies, drilling contractors, and service and supply companies hire geologists, accountants,
bookkeepers, sales personnel, and trainers. They also hire personnel specialists, planners, drilling
engineers, environmental specialists, warehouse personnel, and safety specialists. In addition, they
employ truck drivers, storage yard personnel, lawyers, drafting technicians, and a clerical staff to
back up those in the field. Without a competent office staff, no company or contractor could keep a
drilling operation going. Now let's take a closer look at the stuff they're drilling for: oil and gas.

4 Find synonyms in the text for the following words.
a bog to be situated
a worker a rope
to deliver an enterprise
to control a layer
debris

5 Find antonyms in the text for the following words.
careless to disengage oneself from an obligation
simple to keep silent
to pull put an upsurge
a refinement dangerous
located in close proximity

6 Say whether the following statements are true or false.

1 Area drilling superintendents often travel from rig to rig, so they usually do not have an office
in a town or city in the area.
2 Supply companies sell expendable and nonexpendable equipment and material to the operator
and the drilling contractor.
3 A logging crew runs sophisticated instruments into the hole. These instruments sense and
record formation properties.
4 A casing crew runs special pipe, casing, into the well to line, or case, it after the rig drills a
portion of the hole.
5 Floating rigs, whose pontoon-shaped hulls are submerged just below the water's surface, require
barge engineers to keep the rig stable and trim while it is at work or being moved.
6 Drilling crews call their shifts "routes".
7 The derrickman has an escape device, so that he or she can quickly exit the monkeyboard in an
emergency.
8 A drilling contractor is an individual or a company that owns from one to dozens of drilling
rigs.
9 Floating offshore rigs use anchors or dynamic positioning, which involves advanced computer-
assisted equipment and special propellers (thrusters) to hold them in position on the water's
surface.
10 The monkeyboard is a large platform in the bottom of drilling rig.

7 Fill in the gaps.

a) offshore rigs d) roustabouts g) offshore installation manager
b) rig superintendent e) radio gear h) crane operator

c) radio operators f) floating rigs i) semisubmersibles

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