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b)  the capillary  pressure  which  is necessary  for  formation  of  the

                  bubble  or  drop, or tearing away the  bubble  or drop (the  method  of



                  Rebinder).
                        To measure the surface tension the devices such as tensiometer,
                  stalagmometer,  dynamometer  DST  (ДПН)  and  others  are  used.  The
                  most  commonly  used  methods are Du  Nouy  method  (the method of
                  ring tearing away) and stalagmometer method. In particular Du Nouy

                  method  (the method  of  ring  tearing  away) consists  in  measuring  the
                  force  at the moment of ring tearing away (a loop is immersed into the
                  tested liquid). The tensiometer K6 (fig. 9.1) consists of base 1, leg 2,
                  beam 3; device scale 4 with pointer 5; wire ring (measuring element)

                  6; cup with the tested liquid 7; support (table) 8 and holder 9.

































                  1 – base;  2 – leg; 3 – beam; 4 – device  scale;  5 – pointer;
                  6 – wire ring (the measuring  element); 7 – cup with the  tested

                  liquid; 8 – support (table); 9 – holder

                  Figure 9.1 – Tensiometer K6

                        The  main  advantages   of  tensiometer   K6   is   its  efficiency  (the
                  measurements are quick) and  that for measuring  the surface tension

                  the insignificant volume of surfactant solution is needed. The effective
                  range of  tensiometer K6  is from  0  to  90 mN/m. Tensiometer  K6

                  is made by German company Kruss.



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