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Other Books of Interest
1. Crystal D. The Cambridge encyclopedia of the English
language. – Cambridge; Melbourne; New York: Cambridge
university press, 1995. – 489 p.
2. Lass R. Old English: a historical language companion. –
Cambridge, 1995. – 300 p.
3. Schendl H. Mixed-language texts as data and evidence in
English historical linguistics // Studies in the history of the
English language: A millennial perspective/ Ed.by Donka
Minkova, Robert Stockwell. – Berlin; New York: Mouton
de Gruyter, 2002. – P. 51-78.
TOPIC 3
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE AS A GERMANIC
LANGUAGE (PART II)
1. Basic grammatical features of GLs
1.1 The structure of the word
1.2 The grammatical system
1.3 Word order
2. Germanic word formation and vocabulary
3. Germanic alphabets
1. Basic grammatical features of GLs
1.1 The structure of the word. In IE the words were three-
morphemic, i.e. they consisted of a root, a stem suffix and a
flexion (ending). This kind of a substantive structure can be seen
most clearly in Gothic: daʓ-a-m. In the GLs words came to be
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