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UNIT 1

GEODESY

I. READING AND LEARNING

Task 1. Read and memorize the following words and word-

combinations:
Gravity field – гравітаційне поле;

Polar motion – рух полюсів;
Earth tides – земнi приливи;
Crustal motion – рух земної кори;

Plate movement – рух плит;
Continental drift – дрейф континентів (горизонтальне
переміщення континентів);
Perturbation – хвилювання, ускладнення;

Leveling – вирівнювання, нівелювання;
Terrestrial geodesy – наземна геодезія;

Geometric geodesy – геометрична (астрономічна) геодезія;
Engineering geodesy – інженерна геодезія;
Physical geodesy – фізична геодезія.

Task 2. Read and translate the text.

Text 1 Geodesy
Geodesy is particularly relevant today, because everything on the

surface of the planet is moving, and we can measure these movements
precisely. The term geodesy etymologically comes from Greek
meaning “dividing the Earth”.
According to the classical definition given by F.R. Helmert in

1880, geodesy is the “the science of the measurement and mapping of
the Earth’s surface”. This definition includes the determination of the
Earth’s external gravity field as well as the surface of the ocean floor.

The aim of Geodesy is
- to determine accurately the position of points on the Earth’s
surface and their variations;

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