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the Southern Hemisphere. The name of this phenomenon is Coriolis
Effect.
As the Earth rotates, it also revolves around the Sun. Its closest
position is called perihelion, which occurs in early January. Its farthest

position is called aphelion, which occurs in early July. At perihelion,
the Earth lies about 3 million miles (4.8 million kilometers) nearer to
the Sun than at aphelion.

VI. INDIVIDUAL WORK

Task 1. Complete the text with the words from the box and
translate it into Ukrainian.

a standard time system; the prime

meridian; standard time; convenient; land
time zones; based; the meridians.

Time zones
A 'Time Zone' refers to any of 24 regions loosely divided by
longitude, where the same ________is kept. It is a region that has a
uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. It is

___________for areas in close commercial or other communication to
keep the same time, so time zones tend to follow the boundaries of
countries and their subdivisions.

The Greenwich Meridian, also known as _________or
International Meridian, is the "starting point" for dividing the Earth's
surface into time zones. Each time zone is 15 degrees of longitude

wide (with local variations) and the local time is one hour earlier than
the zone immediately to the east on the map. The number of standard
time zones is debatable and discussed among various sources,

particularly with regards to the International Date Line.
______________are very useful for designating time zones. A
day is defined as the time required for the Earth to make one complete
revolution of 360½. Since the day is divided into 24 hours, the Earth

revolves at the rate of 15½ an hour. Noon is the time when the Sun is
directly above a meridian; to the west of that meridian is forenoon, to
the east is afternoon.

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