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Task 2. Make the sentences interrogative and negative. Pay
attention to the tense form.

1. The simplest model for the shape of the entire Earth is a sphere.
2. Scientists learned that the oldest known rocks were formed

about 4.2 billion years ago.
3. The center of the disk became the sun, and the particles in the
outer rings turned into large balls of gas and molten-liquid.
4. The direction of gravity is dependent on the mass distribution

inside the Earth.
5. Geoid heights are relatively small.
6. We need a reference surface for the description of the

horizontal coordinates of points of interest.

Task 3. Find the adjective in the text, which is opposite in the

meaning to the given ones. Define the comparative and
superlative degree of their comparison if possible.

Example: small – large (larger – the largest)
large; old; hot; molten; light; irregular;

simple; young; thick; fast; narrow.

Task 4. Open the brackets and use the verbs in Present
Simple Tense.

1. The Earth (to be) a unique planet because it (to be) the largest
of the terrestrial planets.
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2. The Earth (to have) an estimated mass of 5.9736 × 10 kg.
3. The Earth is the only terrestrial planet with a liquid outer core
that (to surround) a solid, dense inner core.
4. Gravity itself (to cause) planets and other celestial bodies to
contract and form a sphere.

5. It is now known that the Earth (stand) still.
6. The Geoid is a model of the Earth’s surface that (to represent)
the mean global sea level.

7. Effect of ellipsoidal shape potential (to vary) with latitude.

IV. WRITING

Task 1. Translate the Ukrainian sentences into English.

1. Якщо б Земля була нерухомим тілом і піддавалась лише
дії внутрішніх сил тяжіння, вона мала б форму кулі.

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