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UNIT 13

GRAVIMERY

I. READING AND LEARNING

Task 1. Read and memorize the following words and word-

combinations:
altitude – висота над рівнем моря;

geodetic grid – геодезична координатна сітка;
earth reference – земна система координат, земний
орієнтир;

perturbing potential – потенціал пертурбації;
gravity anomaly – гравітаційна аномалія;
oscillation – вібрація, коливання;

test mass – дослідницька вага (маса);
void – пустота в породі, вакуум;
the mass center – центр інерції;

the axe of rotation – вісь обертання;
integral equation – інтегральне рівняння;
gravimeter – гравіметр.

Task 2. Read and translate the text.

Text 1. Geodetic gravimetry

Geodetic gravimetry is a section of geodesy dealing with the
theories and methods of using the results of measurement of the force

of gravity for solving scientific and practical problems in geodesy.
The basic content of geodetic gravimetry is the theories and methods
for determining the external field of the potential W of the force of the

Earth’s gravity g from measurements on the Earth’s surface and from
astronomical and geodetic materials. It also includes the determination
of altitudes and the treatment of astronomical and geodetic grids in
connection with the special features of the Earth’s gravitational field.

It is customary to separate from this field the uniform and known field
of potential U of the so-called reference earth, which is represented in
the form of a level ellipsoid. The mass centers and the axes of rotation

of the real and the normal earth coincide. The fundamental problem of
geodetic gravimetry is reduced to the derivation of the perturbing
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