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2. Rotary rigs became the preferred means of drilling for oil.
The record depth …
3. … took 18-months to drill through 40 feet of bedrock to a
total depth of 58 feet using a spring pole.
4. The pipe is allowed to drop, … .
5. A decade before the birth of the petroleum industry,
Samuel Kier of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, … .

Exercise 7. Find the correct word
1. For most of us, drilling and the exploitation of
hydrocarbons date back to the … century.
a) mid-19th;
b) mid-18th;
c) 19-th.
2. Once wells were drilled down to 2,297 to 2,625 ft (700 to
800 m), they could produce…
a) gas;
b)both brine and gas;
c) salt.
3. On Russia’s Kola Peninsula, a rotary rig reached more
than … after ten years of drilling.
a) 100 m;
b) 40,000 feet;
c) 4,000 feet.
4. Opening the hole at the wellhead required a large heavy
bit — 9.8 ft (3 m) long weighing 331 to 551 lb — called the … .
a) “Fish Tail”;
b) “ Horseshoe”;
c) “ Silver Ingot”.
5. A major breakthrough, which allowed for deeper wells,
was achieved around… .
a) 1050 BC
b) 1150AD
c) 1050 AD

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