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metamorphic rock is subjected to additional pressure changes or to still higher
temperatures, it will melt, creating magma, which will eventually crystallize into
igneous rock, starting the cycle all over again.

Task 4. Answer the following questions, using the vocabulary from Task 1.
1. What is rock?
2. Define minerals.
3. What influences the nature and appearance of a rock?
4. What are the main elements of a rock’s texture?
5. Name three major groups of rocks?
6. What process is called crystallization?
7. What rocks are called igneous rocks?
8. How do you understand the term “weathering”?
9. What is sediment?
10. What does the term “lithification” mean?
11. How is metamorphic rock formed?
12. Try to describe the rock cycle.

Task 5. Complete the following sentences from the text in Task 3.
1. The nature and appearance of a rock is strongly influenced by…
2. The rock cycle allows us to view many of the interrelationships among different
parts of…
3. If igneous rocks are exposed at the surface, they will undergo…
4. … a term meaning “conversion into rock.”
5. The sedimentary rock will react to the changing environment and turn into the
third rock type…

Task 6. Find English equivalents for the following (see the text).
Складатися з менших кристалів; власна структура; фізичні властивості;
неозброєним оком; розглядати взаємозв’язки; виверження вулкану; подрібнювати
гірську породу; сила тяжіння; льодовики; частинки; в кінцевому рахунку;
спресований під дією ваги шарів, які знаходяться вище; ґрунтові води, які
просочуються крізь пори; реагувати на середовище, яке змінюється; підлягати
високому тиску; танути.

Task 7. Give a short summary of the text from Task 3.

Task 8. Look at Figure 2.1. Rocks are constantly forming, changing and
reforming. The rock cycle helps us understand the origin of the three basic rock
groups. Arrows on the figure represent processes that link each group to the
others. Try to analyze the rock cycle using the information from Task 3.

Task 9. Put 5 different questions (general, special, alternative, disjunctive
and to the subject of the sentence) to the following sentences:
1. The rock cycle allows us to view many of the interrelationships among different
parts of the Earth system.
2. Although most sediment ultimately comes to rest in the ocean, other sites of
deposition include river floodplains, desert basins, swamps, and sand dunes.
3. Sediment is usually lithified into sedimentary rock when compacted by the weight
of overlying layers.

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