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The nature of philosophical knowledge is closely linked to the
question of the world cognition, which is continuously developing, and
which, at the same time, was constant, that’s why two basic concepts of
evolution - dialectics and metaphysics will be discussed. It can be
summed up that philosophy studies the world as a whole, establishes the
reasons of its development, and considers the most general rules of
nature, society and thinking, as well as the ways and means of the world
cognition and its transformation.
Every philosophical system includes two parts - theory and
method, which are harmonious together and inseparable. In modern
society philosophy serves several important functions:
1) grounding and analysis of the world-view;
2) development of common methodology for cognition and human
activity;
3) synthesis of knowledge and a unified picture of the world that
corresponds to a certain level of science and culture development,
general historical experience.
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