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T. Aquinas, the representative of the next phase in medieval
philosophy, that is scholastics, acted as a significant authority in
theological and philosophical study and the master of systematization

and compromises. The work, which is introduced for students` studying
touches upon the fundamental problem of medieval ages – the
interconnection of faith and mind. Using the theories, started by

Aristotle, Aquinas not only solves the medieval problem of universality
himself, but also tries to study the world, which has essence and
existence. He believes, that it`s impossible to understand what a single
human being really represents, because it plays the role of that single

thing that was created by the God`s order. Speaking about Aristotle’s
thought of good and welfare, Aquinas regards the moral philosophy in
terms of scholastics. It`s interesting to know, that he distinguishes three

parts in moral philosophy: “monastics”, which proves determination of
human actions by higher aim; “economics”, as a science of individuals
about charity, “politics”, which investigates the behavior of social
individuals. Hereby, the morality and religion according to Aquinas

don`t correlate, but only influence each other, the role of church is
higher than the role of a state, and our mind is subjected to our faith.
The greatest attention can be focused on creativity of Tom Aquinas

(1225-1274), on his doctrine that can be understood in three ways: the
things in the mind of God, the things as its real essence and the things
after understanding them in mind.

Passing on to the study of the next question, we should realize that
first of all medieval philosophy accepts Christian concept of a human
being. The forefront makes the immortality of a human soul, human

similarity with God, the development of love towards him as an
admitted absolute beginning of the world, which is represented as
“divine”.

Philosophical works, recommended for the study of the students
during different kinds of individual work:
1. Augustine A. The Study of a Soul and Consciousness. Faith

and Mind. Ethics. Society and History // Anthology of World
Philosophy. – M., 1970. 1st V., part 2. - P.592 – 605.
2. Augustine A. Confession / A. Augustine // Anthology of
world philosophy, methodical collection of philosophical texts. 1st V.,

1st Chapter. K., 1991. - P. 19.

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