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4) The group of psychophysiologically dangerous and harmful industrial
factors according to the nature of the action is divisible by:
a) Physical overloads, divided into:

- static;
- dynamic.

b) Neuropsychiatric overloads, which in turn are divided into:
- mental overload;
- overload of analyzers;
- the monotony of work;
- emotional overload.

The same hazardous and harmful industrial factor by its nature may apply
simultaneously to the different groups listed above.

7 .3 Basic Measures to Improve Working Conditions

These measures are regulated by НПАОП 0.03-1.07-73 “Sanitary rules for the
organization of technological processes and hygienic requirements for production
equipment”, which provide maximum automation and mechanization.
At a given level, the optimal or acceptable parameters of the production
environment can be maintained through both technical means and organizational
measures:
- optimization of meteorological conditions in the premises (ventilation, air
conditioning, space heating);
- the lighting of premises and workplaces;
- the use of personal and collective protection;
- mechanization and automation of production processes, especially those
where the effects of harmful factors cannot be avoided;
- organization of modes of work and the rest of employees.

7. 4 Harmful Substances and Protection Against Their Impact.
Harmful Substances Classification

Chemical substances that enter the body in industrial conditions even in
relatively small amounts and cause physiological dysfunctions are called poison or
toxic agents. These substances cause occupational poisonings. Harmful (toxic)
substances can be in solid, liquid and gaseous states.
The State Standard ГОСТ 12.1.005-88 “General sanitation requirements to
work area air” stipulates the Maximum allowable concentration of harmful substances
in work area air.
Maximum allowable concentrations of harmful substances in work area air are
concentrations which within an 8-hour workday and within the whole period of
service can not cause diseases or health abnormalities.

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