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LECTURE 1
THE FUNDUMENTALS OF STYLISTICS

1. The object and aims of stylistscs
2. A word as a fundamental unit of a language

Key terms: lexicology, word, external features, internal
features, lexeme, semasiology, onomastics, phraseology,
etymology, distributional analysis, immediate constituents
analysis, componental analysis, transformational analysis,
contrastive analysis

1. The object and aims of stylistics
Language is studied from different angels every English and
Ukrainian units are composed of several elements without they
can’t exist. They are sound, form, meaning and usage. General
linguistics studies the language from all these angles: phonetics,
grammar, lexicology, stylistics. Stylistics is concerned with words,
variable word-groups, phraseological units, and with morphemes
which make up words.
By the vocabulary (or the stock of words) of a language is
understood the total sum of its words and word equivalents that the
language possesses.
Modern Stylistics aims at giving a systematic description of
the word-stock of language. Words, their component parts –
morphemes – and various types of word-groups, are subjected to
structural and semantic analysis primarily from the synchronic
point. In other words, Modern Stylistics investigates the problems
of word-structure and word-formation, the semantic structure of
words, the main principles underlying the classification of
vocabulary units into various groupings, the laws governing the
replenishment of the vocabulary with new vocabulary units. It also
studies the relations existing between various lexical layers of the

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