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укр. N (іменники чи займенники) + ставати (чоловік
встав ні світ ні зоря) — “приймати вертикальне положення
дуже рано”;
укр. V ставати + Adj (прикметники чи займенники-
прикмет- ники) — (небо ставало темним) — “робилося”.
Distributive analysis needs for Contrastive Lexicology,
because it helps to define the contextual meaning of the word
subjects to its links. For example, English suffixes —er; -ist have
the analogue in Ukrainian: pianist— піаніст; dancer —
танцюрист.
The theory of immediate constituents analysis was
originally elaborated as an attempt to determine the ways in which
lexical units are relevantly related to one another . It was
discovered that combinations of such units are usually structured
into hierarchically arranged sets of binary constructions. In
comparative investigation this analysis shows the significant
difference in the morphemic structure of Ukrainian and English
words. English words can divide into more quantity of morphemes
than Ukrainian words. For example: англ. law/ ful/ness;
dis/cuss/ion; укр. роз/бір/ли/вий; дер/жа/во/тво/рен/ня.
It should be pointed out that the componental analysis deals
with individual meanings. Different meanings of polysemantic
words have different componental structure. For example, the
comparison of two meanings of the noun boy — “дитина
чоловічої статі до 17 чи 18 років”, “обслуговуючий персонал
чоловічої статі незалежно від віку в Африканських і
Азіатських країнах” — reveals that through both of them contain
the semantic components “human” (людина); “male” (чоловік);
the component “young’ (молодий), which is a part of the one
meaning, is not necessarily to be found in the other.
The componental analysis is currently combined with other
linguistic procedures used for investigation of meaning. The
contrastive analysis supplemented by the componental analysis
yields very good results as one can clearly see the lack of one-to-

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