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LECTURE 9 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS. BASICS OF

ELECTROCHEMISTRY

PROGRAM QUESTIONS:

9.1. ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES

9.2. ELECTRODE POTENTIALS. GALVANIC ELEMENT

9.3. ELECTROLYSIS

9.4. CATHODIC PROCESSES

9.5. ANODIC PROCESSES

9.1 Electrochemical processes

Metals with nonmetals interaction

All metals of the main subgroups when heated interact with active nonmetals,

and some of them interact with fluorine and oxygen at the usual temperature.

Alkaline (I-A) and alkaline earth (II-A) metals interact directly with Hydrogen

forming hydrides:

2Li + H 2 = 2LiH

Ba + H 2 = BaH 2

All metals of the main subgroups interact with oxygen forming oxides, and

alkali metals and barium also form peroxides:

4Li + O 2 = 2Li 2O

2Ba + O 2 = 2BaO

4Na + O 2 = 2Na 2O

2Na + O 2 = Na 2O 2

All metals intereact with halogens and Sulfur, most of them also with Nitrogen,

Phosphorus, Arsenic, Selenium, Tellurium. For example:

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