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individuals or their groups to make characteristic of the people the features of the
guiding principle of their own activities (that is, the activities of individuals,
societies, governments of this people). Because of the peculiar "color" of this
activity characteristic of the outlook and behavior of the people features, it

magnifies, mentally rises, acquires a greater energy potential. In the critical
moments of national history, the idea, which, according to Potebnia, is always a
kind of messianism, can capture a significant part of the people. The scientist also

notes that the supporters of the idea of nationality have a teleological view of
history, understanding it as the fulfillment of a certain vocation, the embodiment of
a certain idea, the development of the foregrounded principles, etc. In contrast to

the notion of nation, the notion of nationality, which is determined by the
language, is the non-specific teleological Ideas of the ultimate goal, as well as the
idea of achieving absolute perfection. Like language, people have an infinite

number of goals and reach or implement them by their own lives, by the very fact
of existence.
Mykhailo Drahomanov (1841-1895) had a fairly wide range of scientific
interests and was interested in issues not only in history and literature, but also in

ethnography, sociology, philosophy. In general, drawing on positivism,
Drahomanov linked historical and cultural progress with the development of

science and material prerequisites, and with the assertion of the value of the human
person. Being influenced by the ideas of socialism, M. Drahomanov saw the future
of society and culture as a whole in the rejection of power control mechanisms,
which are the essence of the idea of the state. In the "Foreword" to the Geneva

collection of the "Hromada" in 1878 Drahomanov wrote, "The purpose is called
without authority: its will for everyone and free citizenship and the society of
people and societies ..." In this position of Drahomanov, we certainly see the

manifestation of the almost utopian idea of absolute equality for the history of
human thought.
Attracitng attention to the analysis of the so-called "Ukrainian issue" and the

problem of the formation of Ukraine as an independent national community,
Drahomanov solves the national problem with solving the problem of the
Universe. In the publication "Wonderful Thoughts about the Ukrainian National

Affair," he writes that "... by itself, the idea of nationality can not yet bring people
to the will and truth for all, and can not even give advice for the ordering of even
state affairs. We have to look for something else that would have become higher
above all nationalities and pacify them when they go one against the other. We

must seek the universal truth that would be common to all nationalities”.
Consequently, Drahomanov believes the creation of interethnic states is a “world
truth’ as there would be no frank and cruel dominance of some peoples over others

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