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References

1. Krzysztof Ulanowski. The Religious Aspects of War in the Ancient Near East,

Greece, and Romebrill.com/mybook
2. History and Cultures of the Ancient Near Easthttps://www.fu-
berlin.de/en/studium/.../index.htm

3. Arts with a major in Ancient History - Egypt and Near East
https://courses.mq.edu.au/2017/domestic/undergraduate/bachelor-of-arts-
ancient-history-egypt-and-near-east.

Lecture III

ANTIQUE CULTURE

Plan

1. Content and origins of the term ‘antiquity’.

2. Periodization of antiquity and sources of evidence of the ancient

culture.

3. Culture of Ancient Greece.

4. Ancient Roman culture.

1. Content and origins of the term ‘antiquity’

Antiquity and civilizations of the Ancient East constitute the culture of the

ancient world. The term ‘antique’ (from Latin antiquus – ‘ancient, old’) was
introduced by Italian humanists of the Renaissance to refer to the Greco-Roman
(mainly Roman) culture that was considered the oldest known culture of the time
in the XV th century. After sensational archaeological discoveries in the XIXth

century of the older civilizations of the Ancient East, the term ‘antique’ became
quite conventional and may include the entire ancient world.
In this course the term ‘ancient culture’ means creation, prosperity, decline

and death of civilizations of the Mediterranean basin, the Black Sea and
geographically close to them the land of IIId millennium BC to the middle of the
Vth century BC. Five major civilizations left the most significant mark in the

history of culture: Aegeans (Crete - Mycenaean), Greeks, Etruscans, Romans that

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