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the headings are already exhausted, or when it is necessary to allocate small
portions of the text. Dumb headings usually separate the introductory and final

parts of the text from the main one. They use them also when it's difficult to
formulate a heading.

The editor should ensure the clarity of the heading so that the categories of
different degrees can be easily distinguished. To do this, use graphic capabilities.

For example, font sizes vary in height depending on the degree of the heading: the

first-level sections are the largest; second - medium; the third - the smallest. You

can use for this and the saturation of the font - light, bold, greasy, discharged.

The editor should take care of expediency and economy of the chosen type

of sections. When choosing this or that type of heading, take into account:

1) frequency of use of a certain type of heading;

2) the format of the publication;

3) edition of the publication;

4) the complexity of the content of the work;

5) multi-stage rubrication.

Since the thematic headings directs the reader to the content of the work, it

must be accurate,so it suppose to reflect a snippet of the content to which it

belongs. In addition, the heading of the rubric should be properly decorated,

graphically correctly placed, short in form and expressive in content. It is

necessary to avoid the repetition of words or phrases in thematic sections and this

will contribute to their laconicity. Reduces the severity of the headings of the same

type of construction. Depending on the type of selection and its intended purpose,

it is possible to diversify the headings - abstracts of headings-questions that are of

interest to the reader.

II. Complete the following tasks.
1. Choose 5 oil and gas texts and classify their headings.

2. Find any oil and gas text and carry out its editorial analysis.