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3. Michael D.C. Drout. A History of the English Language
(Modern Scholar). – Wheaton College: Recorded Books

LLC, 2006. – P. 34-57.
4. Верба Л.Г. Історія англійської мови. Посібник для

студентів та викладачів вищих навчальних закладів. –
Вінниця: НОВА КНИГА, 2006. – C. 102-149.

Other Books of Interest

1. Crystal D. The Cambridge encyclopedia of the English

language. – Cambridge; Melbourne; New York: Cambridge
university press, 1995. – 489 p.

2. Penzl H. Periodization in language history: Early Modern
English and the other periods // Studies in Early Modern

English. – Berlin; New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1994. –
P. 261-268.

3. Lass R. Old English: a historical language companion. –

Cambridge, 1995. – 300 p.

TOPIC 5

MIDDLE ENGLISH: GENERAL REMARKS (THE

SPELLING SYSTEM, PHONOLOGY)

1. The Great Vowel Shift
2. English Spelling

3. Summary of English History

The Norman Conquest was the most monumental external
influence on the English language. Although English did not

adopt French grammar, the various pressures put upon the

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