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A tankfarm consists of 10-100 tanks of varying volume for
           a  total  capacity  typically  in  the  area  of  1  -  50  million  barrels.
           Storage  for  shuttle  tankers  normally  store  up  to  two  weeks  of
           production,  one  week  for  normal  cycle  and  one  extra  week  for
           delays  e.g.  bad  weather.  This  could  amount  to  several  million
           barrels.
                  Accurate  records  of  volumes  and  history  is  kept  to
           document  what  is  received  and  dispatched.  For  installations  that
           serve  multiple  production  sites,  different  qualities  and  product
           blending  must  also  be  handled.  Another  planning  task  is
           forecasting for future received and delivered product to make sure
           that  the  required  amount  of  sold  product  is  available  and  that
           sufficient  capacity  is  reserved  for  future  receivedproducts.  A
           tankfarm management system keeps track of these parameters and
           constraints,  logs  the  operations  taking  place  and  overall
           consolidation of operations.

                  Marine Loading
                  Loading  systems  consist  of  one  or  more  loading  arms  /
           jetties, pumps, valves and a metering system.




















                                Figure 6.4 – Marine Loading

                  Tanker loading systems are complex, both because of the
           volume involved, and because several loading arms will normally



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