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Gas can be supplied from outside, stand with fluid where it was in a dissolved state, or
coming from another source (due to sublimation or chemical reactions). When the pump
mode operation at defined depth drained pumps which are driven by energy transmitted by
different ways.
Machinery rocking
The machine-chair is an element of exploitation of oil drilling rod pumps. The
machine-chair mounted on a specially prepared plate (usually concrete), which are set:
platform, stable and station management. On the platform is installed reducer and motor.
Sometimes the motor is located under the platform. The last option is a higher risk, so rare.
The electric motor is connected to the declining oil filled gear through wedge-belt drive.
Reduction, in turn, connects to the rocker via crank mechanism. This mechanism converts the
rotary motion of the shaft in the gearbox reciprocating balancer.
Station management is a block box, which is electricity. Nearby management station
(or directly on it) removed the handbrake pumping unit. At the station management is the key
(to lock the grid) and an ammeter. The latter is a very important element, especially in the
service DNH. Zero in the ammeter placed in the middle of the scale, and the arrow-pointer
then moves in the negative, the positive region. That is the deflection of left-right operator
determines the load on the machine - the deviation in both directions should be approximately
equal. If the equality condition is not fulfilled, then the machine is idle.
Fountain method
Fountain method extraction of oil is the method of operation of wells in which the oil
rises to the surface at the expense of reservoir energy. There are natural (due to the natural
energy of the reservoir) and artificial (for reservoir pressure maintenance by injection into the
formation of liquid and gaseous agents) flowing. fountain and equipped with lifting column
pipe and jetting valves and emergency valves. Lift column can be equipped with launchers
couplings with holes for aeration of the liquid column and valves for development wells, the
introduction of chemicals, liquid circulation and others. There are fountains wells with steady
constant flow rate, which operated constantly with pulsating supply of products and working
regularly with the phases of storage and filing products. Fountain hole goes in the tank (gas
separators), where the gas is separated from the oil.
Compressor (hazoliftnyy)
When compressors (gas lift) method to a well compressor pumped gas mixed with oil.
Density reduced slaughter pressure is lower than the reservoir, which causes movement of
fluid to the surface of land. Sometimes well served pressurized gas from a nearby gas
reservoir (method without compressor gas lift). Some old fields exist in airlift system, in
which the reagent is used as a working air. Disadvantages of this method are the need for
burning associated gas, mixed with air, increased corrosion pipeline. Hazoliftnyy method is
used in the fields of Western Siberia, Turkmenistan, Western Kazakhstan.
It should be noted that the cost of oil greatly affect ways its production. Produced in
Ukraine oil has a relatively high cost because of the most advanced mining fountain almost
stopped.

Task III. Comprehension check.
1. What is important to do at the beginning of oil production?
2.Where is oil directed after separation?
3. Which two types extraction of oil do you know?
4. What can you say about mechanized methods?
5. What is machine rocking?
6. What is hazoliftnyy method?

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