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most unusual modern building in ... Fleet Street is that of … «Daily Express» 7. They will
come here ... next year. 8. ... Thames is one of ... main rivers of ... Great I Britain.

b)
On ... week-days I must get up at 7 o'clock to come to ... Institute in time. In ... morning I
have …breakfast. I have ... cup of tea or coffee and some bread and butter. After breakfast I
go to ... Institute. When ... lectures are over I have my dinner. Then I go to ... library or to ...
reading-hall. When I come home I have ... rest. If ... weather is very cold I stay at home. But
if it is fine I go for ... walk.

UNIT 2

METHODS OF OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION
Text 1

Task I. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following word combinations:
oil and gas production; purification of gas from oil mist; due to changes in pressure and
velocity; stepwise separation; industrial tanks; solid impurities; extraction of oil out of the
ground; at the expense of extraction a pump; gas equipment; reducing the density;
sublimation reactions; at defined depth; drained pumps; proliferation rod pumps; a system of
separation; gear, reciprocate, idle, jetting valves and emergency valves, slaughter pressure, a
gross fractionation.

Task II. Read the text and translate it into Ukrainian:

Analysis of different methods of oil and gas production
Oil production is accompanied by removal of the natural underground reservoirs of
significant amounts of gas, water, solids and salts. On admission to the surface of the gas
dissolved in the oil is separated from it by a system of separation. Most components of the
light hydrocarbon gases are separated from the oil in the oil traps, columns and dispensing.
Heaviest hydrocarbons separated from gas oil by gas separators in gangway and purification
of gas from oil mist. Separation of gas from oil and dust in the gangway is due to changes in
pressure and velocity of the oil flow that moves. To improve the process of separating a
mixture entering the ladder, spray, which establish playing in ladders, buffers, plates, other
devices. For separation of products flowing pressure applied stepwise separation at which
achieved a gross fractionation and gas reservoir pressure is used to transport gas. Separated
from the gas oil is directed to industrial tanks and from there to refineries.
Petroleum is oil and related petroleum gas from the subsurface, data collection
products and pre-treatment of the water and solid impurities. Extraction of oil out of the
ground at the expense of the energy of two types - natural energy of the reservoir and the
energy that is fed into the hole one way or another way. Way exploitation of oil wells, which
uses the energy of formation, is called fountain .Ways extraction, in which the oil rises to the
earth's surface by fed external energy, called mechanized. There two types of mechanized
method of operation - compressor (gas-lift) and a pump. There are also ways to extract oil and
gas from the application with rod pumps. In these cases, to the pump shaft lead-through holes
electricity or other fluid flow carrier energy .Most common installation are with centrifugal
electric pumps to produced about 1/3 oil to total oil and gas production and use machines-
calendar.Machine rocking is an important type of gas equipment and is used for mechanical
drive up oil wells rod pumps. Hazoliftnyy method - the phenomenon of lifting liquids (oil,
water) in the well by reducing the density due to a mechanical mixture of liquid and free gas.

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