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Task 3. Match the sentence halfs and translate them into
Ukrainian.

1. Geodesists use very often a) … and defines two
the vertical datum … constants to specify the

dimension of the reference
ellipsoid.
2. Surveyors now rely almost b) … which identifies a
exclusively on the Global position in space.

Positioning System (GPS) …
3. А global geodetic datum c) … which measure rates of
(e.g. WGS 84) is used in satellite subsidence, or land sinking.

geodesy …
4. A coordinate system is a set d) … which is the origin for
of numbers … longitudes.
5. Surveyors use the e) … and defines latitude and

horizontal datum …. longitude of initial point.
6. The (X,Z) plane contains f) … which identifies
the Earth’s rotation axis and the locations on the Earth and

prime meridian … incorporates them into existing
datums.
7. А local geodetic datum (e.g. g) … which monitors the
HK80 geodetic datum) is used in movement of the Earth's crust.

classical geodesy … .

III. GRAMMAR REVIEW

Task 1. Transform the verb in the sentence from Active into

Passive Voice. Mind the word-order and the tense of the verb.

1. Rene Descartes introduced the system of coordinates based on
orthogonal axes.
2. Scientists will use a tide gauge to determine near coastal areas,

the mean sea level.
3. Geodesists use datums as reference points when they create
maps.

4. Recently surveyors have used triangulation to get the needed
horizontal data.
5. Three constants (x, y, z) specify the orientation of the
coordinate system.

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