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Effective use of the gravimetric method is dependent only on the
availability of anomalies in sufficient quantity to achieve the accuracy
desired. Successful use of Stoke's integral and Vening-Meinesz
formulas depends on a good knowledge of gravity anomalies in the

immediate vicinity of the point under consideration and a general
knowledge of anomalies for the entire earth.

VI. INDIVIDUAL WORK

Task 1. Complete the text with the words from the box and
translate it into Ukrainian.

Gravimeter, measurement, pendulum, base station,

superconductivity, reoccupable, attraction, apparatus, gravimetric

An "absolute" gravity measurement determines the gravity from
the fundamental acceleration quantities length and time. We
distinguish between the pendulum and the free-fall method, both

introduced by Galileo Galilei(156 4-1642). The pendulum method is
no longer applied today but governed gravimetry for about 300 years.
Because of its fundamental importance, and because recent results are

still part of some gravity networks. The ___ method is based on the
measurement of the period and the length there were numerous other
problems and error sources associated with pendulum measurements
of absolute gravity, and the results obtained were not sufficiently

accurate to meet the needs of geodetic gravimetry. Consequently, in
recent years, the pendulum method has been superseded by the
ballistic method which is based on timing freely falling bodies. The

acceleration of gravity can be determined by measuring the time taken
by a body to fall over a known distance.
The so-called relative gravity measurement is to use the relative
gravity instrument to measure the differences between any testing

points in relationship to the gravity base point readings.
In the United States, the basic falling body apparatus has a long
history. Some of them were too heavy 800 kilograms (Hammond-

Faller apparatus) some were in addition not portable (Sakuma's
apparatus). An Italian group, Instituto di Metrologia "G. Colonetti"
has worked with Sakuma to develop a miniaturized, portable version

of Sakuma's apparatus. This portable version, generally known as "the
Italian Apparatus," has been used to make very accurate

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