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A: north, visible, expensive, much, short, maximum, vertical,
liquid, elevation, simple, above;
B: little, south, minimum, solid, invisible, horizontal, below,
slope, difficult, long, cheap.

Task 2. Choose the correct preposition. Translate the

sentences into Ukrainian.

1. Levelling and surveying methods are also used for/with
measurements of river channel and lake configurations.
2. Change points are points of measurement which are used to/for
carry the measurements forward in a run.

3. Dumpy levels are more basic levels often used in/at construction
work.
4. A level is basically a telescope attached to/at an accurate

levelling device, set upon a tripod so that it can rotate horizontally
through 360°.
5. A modern theodolite consists of/with a movable telescope
mounted within two perpendicular axes – the horizontal or trunnion

axis, and the vertical axis.

Task 3. Choose the correct alternative:

1. The points to be observed must/have to be below the level of
the instrument, but not lower than the height of the staff.
2. All working staff should/ought be thoroughly familiar with

levelling theory and practice.
3. At hydrological stations rock bolts driven into bedrock or
concrete structures can/have be used.

4. The level, its tripod, the staff and the staff bubble have to
/should to be kept correctly calibrated, and be used and stored with
care.
5. These scales can/must vary in pattern and graduation.

6. Automatic levels must not/have not be carried in a vertical or
near-vertical position. It can/shall cause a damage.
7. All levelling can/should be booked in either level books or

levelling sheets in order to have all the records needed.
Task 4. Transform the sentences from direct into indirect
speech:

1. “A reduced level is the vertical distance between a survey point

and the adopted level datum.” – the surveyor said.
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