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Exercise 6. Translate into Ukrainian
1. Sometimes, you need to combine smaller hydrocarbons to
make larger ones – this process is called unification.
2. The major unification process is called catalytic
reforming and uses a catalyst (platinum, platinum-rhenium mix) to
combine low weight naphtha into aromatics, which are used in
making chemicals and in blending gasoline.
3. A significant by-product of this reaction is hydrogen gas,
which is then either used for hydrocracking or sold.
4. Sometimes, the structures of molecules in one fraction are
rearranged to produce another. Commonly, this is done using a
process called alkylation.
5. In alkylation, low molecular weight compounds, such as
propylene and butylene, are mixed in the presence of a catalyst
such as hydrofluoric acid or sulfuric acid (a by-product from
removing impurities from many oil products).
6. The products of alkylation are high octane hydrocarbons,
which are used in gasoline blends to reduce knocking (see "What
does octane mean?" for details).
7. Distillated and chemically processed fractions are treated
to remove impurities, such as organic compounds containing
sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, water, dissolved metals and inorganic
salts.

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