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Electric, Vivendi SA, The Walt Disney Company, Hearst Corporation,
Organiza??es Globo and Lagard?re Group (Wikipedia).
Concentration and globalization have taken specific forms on
information industries. In spite of trend of concentration, the structure of

media industry seems not to be purely monopolistic, but rather an
oligopoly with a "long tail": Few "integrator" firms co-operate with
numerous content providers (Noam, 2011, s. 8). Media corporations are

typically nationally grounded, but their operations, outsourcing,
subcontracting, assets, sales, profits and affiliates have become in a
certain degree of global. Transnationality also seems be an emergent
quality and tendency for information industries - so, it is likely that the

trend of globalization will deepen. (Fuchs, 2010).
Big data has also implications on media environment. Joseph
Turow expects that the next major challenge for the media is based on

the use of consumer data in advertising business which will have deep
and structural impacts for the media. Media needs to get into the food
chain of personalized services if it wants to survive. Through the

analysis of personal data, readers become as profiled groups, whom
media offers more targeted services and contents. This approach is also
likely to move content producers outside of the traditional journalism: to

integrate contents for different media and entertain their users with other
type of related products and services, like games and quizzes. In this
setting the position of journalism will also become redefined. (Turow,
2011)

Media redefined
The impacts of structural changes of media industry may not lead
to direct censorship, but rather transform conditions of journalism and

change the emphasis of contents. Concentration has turned out to
decrease culturally diverse, locally-oriented and public interest contents
(Blosser et al., 2007). Consolidation may lead to narrower presence of
different stakeholders in a society - withering institutional diversity

(Cooper & Cooper, 2007). From a broader perspective, media
concentration also associates with the poor government, less democracy
and freedom, more corruption, less effective regulation, lower research

and development, lower economic growth and lower digital access
(Noam, 2011).
Government may also put new pressures on media for control of

their users. Media, as other online service providers, can be held
accountable of the behavior of their users and become responsible to