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INTRODUCTION

The word physics is derived from Greek meaning science of

nature: it is the science of the simplest forms of matter motion and the
most general laws of nature
Physics:

— is fundamental science, which is the basis of the theoretical
training of engineers;
— is the basis of industry.
The main aim of physics is to discover and explain laws of nature.

Although here are no two scientists who use exactly the same
methods, and although many discoveries have been made seemingly by
accident, some general statements concerning scientific method can be

made.
1) Observation of a phenomenon — is the simplest form of
experiment.

2) Experiment — is a man-made (artificial) reproduction of a
phenomenon with the aim to investigate it.
3) Generalization of the results obtained in an experiment.

4) Hypothesis — is scientifically grounded suggestion.
5)Verification of the hypothesis in an experiment. The hypothesis that
was confirmed becomes true knowledge and is used for the formulation
of physical ' laws.

6) Formulation of a theory.
Theory is a system of scientific statements in a certain field of
knowledge, which are united by one general principle and are reflecting

objective conformity to the laws of nature.
Theory, of course, is devised to explain the facts already known
and will almost certainly predict other facts and suggest other
experiments. Success or failure of theory depends on the success of its

prediction.
Theories are improved and defined more precisely.A new theory
has to include an old theory and to determine the limits of its validity.

In broad sense, physics is a science of knowledge that describes
and explains the material world and its phenomena. In terms of this
common definition, other sciences, such as chemistry, biology, geology,

astronomy, and engineering disciplines, are branches of the basic science
-physics. For centuries the body of knowledge we now call physics was

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