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Loop Control Statements ........................................................................................ 67
break Statement ...................................................................................................... 68
continue Statement ................................................................................................. 70
goto Statement ........................................................................................................ 72
The Infinite Loop .................................................................................................... 74
9. .............. FUNCTIONS
Defining a Function ................................................................................................ 76
Function Declarations............................................................................................. 77
Calling a Function .................................................................................................. 78
Function Arguments ............................................................................................... 79
Call by Value ........................................................................................................... 80
Call by Reference .................................................................................................... 81
10. ............ SCOPE RULES
Local Variables ....................................................................................................... 84
Global Variables ..................................................................................................... 85
Formal Parameters ................................................................................................. 86
Initializing Local and Global Variables ................................................................. 87
11. ............ ARRAYS
Declaring Arrays .................................................................................................... 89
Initializing Arrays ................................................................................................... 89
Accessing Array Elements ...................................................................................... 90
Arrays in Detail....................................................................................................... 91
12. ............ POINTERS
What are Pointers? ............................................................................................... 101
How to Use Pointers? ............................................................................................ 102
NULL Pointers ...................................................................................................... 103
Pointers in Detail .................................................................................................. 104
13. ............ STRINGS
14. ............ STRUCTURES
Defining a Structure ............................................................................................. 120
Accessing Structure Members .............................................................................. 121
Structures as Function Arguments ...................................................................... 122
Pointers to Structures ........................................................................................... 124
Bit Fields ............................................................................................................... 126
15. ............ UNIONS
Defining a Union ................................................................................................... 128
Accessing Union Members ................................................................................... 129
16. ............ BIT FIELDS
Bit Field Declaration ............................................................................................. 133
17. ............ TYPEDEF
typedef vs #define .................................................................................................. 137
18. ............ INPUT AND OUTPUT 139
The Standard Files ................................................................................................ 139
The getchar() and putchar() Functions ................................................................ 139
The gets() and puts() Functions ............................................................................ 140
The scanf() and printf() Functions ....................................................................... 141
19. .............. FILE
Opening Files ........................................................................................................ 143
Closing a File ......................................................................................................... 144
Writing a File ........................................................................................................ 144
Reading a File ....................................................................................................... 145
Binary I/O Functions ................................................................................................................ 146