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Strings

Strings are actually one-dimensional array of characters terminated by a null
character '\0'. Thus a null-terminated string contains the characters that comprise the string
followed by a null.
The following declaration and initialization create a string consisting of the word "Hello".
To hold the null character at the end of the array, the size of the character array containing the
string is one more than the number of characters in the word "Hello."
If you follow the rule of array initialization, then you can write the above statement as
follows:

char greeting[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'};

char greeting[] = "Hello";

Following is the memory presentation of the above defined string in C/C++:

Actually, you do not place the null character at the end of a string constant. The C
compiler automatically places the '\0' at the end of the string when it initializes the array. Let us
try to print the above mentioned string:
#include <stdio.h>

int main ()

{
char greeting[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'};

printf("Greeting message: %s\n", greeting );

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