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Emblem: The official coat of arms of Great Britain is the shield
divided into four quarters. In the first and fourth quarters
are the lions of England, the lion of Scotland is in the
second and harp of Ireland is in the third. The shield is
surrounded by a Garter and the motto on it “Evil be to
him who Evil thinks”. The motto across bottom is “God
and my Right: is the motto of the sovereign.

Task 5. Read and translate the text. Write down the unknown words
and words expressions. Put 10-15 questions to the text.
The Constitution of the United States of America
The Constitution of the United States is the world’s oldest written
constitution in force. It is served as the model for a number of other
constitutions around the world. The Constitution of the United States sets
forth the nation’s fundamental laws. It establishes the form of the national
government and defines the rights and liberties of the American people. It
also lists the aims of the government and the methods of achieving them.
The Constitution was written to organize a strong national government for
the American states. After the states won independence in the
Revolutionary War (1775-1783), they faced the problems of peacetime
government. The states had to enforce law and order, collect taxes, pay a
large public debt, and regulate trade among themselves. They also had to
deal with Indian tribes and negotiate with other governments.
The United States Constitution was signed on September 17, 1787
by the Constitutional Convention. The Constitution of the United States
consists of a preamble, seven articles and the 27 amendments. It sets up a
federal system by dividing powers between the national and state
governments. It also establishes a balanced national government by
dividing authority among three independent branches – the executive, the
legislative and the judicial. The executive branch enforces the law, the
legislative branch makes the law and the judicial branch explains the law.
The executive branch of the national government is usually represented by
the President, the legislative branch by Congress and the judicial branch
by the Supreme Court. The three main branches of government are
separate and distinct from one another. The powers given to each are
delicately balanced by the powers of other two. Each branch serves as a
check on potential excesses of the others.

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