Page 50 - 4805

c) combined (suffixal and prefixal) word-formation
There are not so much English verb-formation suffixes in
both languages: англ.: -ize/ise: computerize, terrorize, practise,
analyse; -fy: intensify, simplify; -en: widen, darken; -ate:
dominate, estimate; укр.: -(ув/юв)ати/ити: чинити, прямувати,
малювати. The productive adverb-forming suffix in English is -
ly: hardly, warmly.
Prefixal morphemes have also their main features common
in the contrasted languages. English prefixes, however, can form
words of more parts of speech than the Ukrainians ones: англ.
a+sleep (stative), be+dew (verb), pre+war (adjective); in+side
(adverb). The structure of prefixal morphemes in the contrasted
languages is generally common, though there are more single-sign
prefixes in Ukrainian more than in English, which has only one
single letter prefix -a: alike, asleep. Their number in Ukrainian is
larger: встати, зліт, угору, згори.
All English and Ukrainian prefixes can be typologically
subdivided into some groups:
a) International prefixes: anti-: antibody (антитіло);
antiglobal (антиглобальний); counter-: countermeasure
(контрзмова); counterplot (контрасигнувати); ex-: ex-president
(екс-прези-дент); extra-: extramural (екстравагантний); sub-:
subordination (субординиція); subtropical (субтропічний);
b) Prefixes, which only have semantic identity, but are
different in their lingual form since they are national prefixes:
англ. foresee; pre-war; sub-species; intralingual; укр.
передбачати; до(перед)военний; підвиди; внутрішньомовний;
c) National prefixes: англ. upthrow; mis-state; укр.
кидок угору, робити неправдиву заяву.
A specifically Ukrainian phenomenon, which is alien to
English prefix по-: попоблукати, попоспати, попоїсти “to
express an intensive and repeated or durative action”.

49