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Короткий граматичний довідник

Іменник

NOUNS
Countable Uncontable
Proper nouns – indivual names given to separate Nouns of material – which denote material:
persons or things: iron, tea, paper
Mary, Peter, Spot
Common nouns – single units, persons of things Abstract nouns – which denote some
which can be considered separate from the others: quality, state , action or idea:
family, an apple, a desk kindness, love, hour

Множина іменників
#SPELLING# THE FORMATION OF THE PLURAL OF NOUNS

By ending –s (-es ): pen- pens, book – books
1) after -s, -ss, -x, -sh, -ch, - 2) after -o:
tch es: a) preceded by a consonant - b) preceded by a vowel -s or -es:
matches es: cuckoos
benches cargoes portfolios
brushes heroes
glasses potatoes but : mosquitos or mosquitoes
boxes but:
buses pianos, photos //exeptions: pianos, solos, photos
5) in compound nouns:
a)by adding –s to the head word: b) by adding –s to the last element:
brother-in-law – brothers-in-law forget-me-not – forget-me-nots
editor-in-chief – editors-in-chief merry-go-round – marry-go-rounds

Різні способи утворення множини іменників

THE PLURAL OF NOUNS
1. Are formed:
a) by ending – s(-es) b) by changing the root vowels: c) by suffix – en
a day – days a man – men a child - children
a pen – pens a woman – women an ox – oxen
a book – books a tooth – teeth
a bus – buses a foot – feet
a bush - bushes a goose –geese
a mouse – mice
a louse - lice
2. Plural and singular of these nouns are the same:
a deer – some deer
a sheep – some sheep
a fish – some fish
a swine – swine
a trout – some trout

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