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- ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɫɯɟɦɢ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢ ɜ ɟɧɟɪɝɨ- ɿ
ɜɨɞɨɪɟɫɭɪɫɚɯ ɞɥɹ ɛɭɞɿɜɟɥɶɧɢɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛ;
- ɩɟɪɟɥɿɤ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɯ ɛɭɞɿɜɟɥɶɧɢɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ ɿ ɦɟɯɚɧɿɡɦɿɜ;
- ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɭ ʀɯ ɨɪɿɽɧɬɨɜɧ ɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶ,
ɹɤɢɣ ɛɟɪɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɶ ɜ ɪɨɛɨɬɚɯ;
- ɩɟɪɟɥɿɤ ɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿɜ ɬɚ ʀɯ ɨɪɿɽɧɬɨɜɧɚ ɤɿɥɶ-
ɤɿɫɬɶ;
- ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɚ ɩɿɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɭ ɞɨ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ.
əɤɳɨ ɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɢɫɜɹɱɟɧɚ ɨɤɪɟɦɢɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɪɨɛɿɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ ɤɚ-
ɩɿɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ, ɬɨ ɜ ɞɚɧɨɦɭ ɪɨɡɞɿɥɿ ɫɥɿɞ ɞɨɩɨɜɧɢɬɢ ɪɨɛɨ-
ɬɚɦɢ, ɹɤɿ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɿ ɛɭɬɢ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɿ ɞɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɭ
ɬ ɟ ɦ ɿ ɜ ɢ ɞ ɭ ɪ ɨ ɛ ɿ ɬ , ɹ ɤ ɢ ɦ ɱ ɢ ɧ ɨ ɦ ɩ ɨ ɜ ɢ ɧ ɧ ɨ ɛ ɭ ɬ ɢ ɩ ɪ ɨ ɜ ɟ ɞ ɟ ɧ ɨ ɤ ɨ ɧ ɬ -
ɪɨɥɶ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɰɢɯ ɪɨɛɿɬ, ɩɨ ɹɤɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɚɯ.
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɿ ɨɛɫɹɝɢ ɪɨɛɿɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɽ: ɮɨɪɦɭɥɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɿɜ
ɪ ɟ ɦ ɨ ɧ ɬ ɭ , ɦ ɟ ɬ ɨ ɞ ɿ ɜ ɩ ɿ ɞ ɝ ɨ ɬ ɨ ɜ ɤ ɢ ɞ ɨ ɪ ɟ ɦ ɨ ɧ ɬ ɭ , ɦ ɟ ɬ ɨ ɞ ɿ ɜ ɤ ɨ ɧ ɬ ɪ ɨ ɥ ɸ
ɹɤɨɫɬɿ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ.
Ɉɫɧɨɜɨɸ ɞɥɹ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɧɧɹ ɥɿɧɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɮɿɤɚ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɪɨ-
ɛɿɬ ɽ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɿ ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɡ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ ɿ ɬɟɪɦɿɧ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ
ɪɨɛɿɬ. Ʌɿɧɿɣɧɢɣ ɝɪɚɮɿɤ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɪɨɛɿɬ, ɩɨɛɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɿɞɫ-
ɬɚɜɿ ɨɛɫɹɝɿ ɬɟɪɦɿɧ ɪɨɛɿɬ, ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽ ɬɪɢɜɚɥ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ
ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɜɢɞɿɜ ɪɨɛɿɬ ɡ ɭɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ʀɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨʀ ɩɨɫɥɿɞɨɜɧɨ-
ɫɬɿ ɫɭɦɿɫɧɨɫɬɿ ɱɚɫ ɡɚɥɟɠɧɨ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɢ ɿ ɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɝɨ
ɦɚɲɢɧ ɱɚɫɭ. Ɍɪɭɞɨɜɢɬɪɚɬ ɩɨɬ ɦɚɲɢɧ ɱɚɫɭ
ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɝɿɞɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɨʀ ɭ ɤɨɧɫɩɟɤɬɿ ɥɟɤɰɿɣ ɡ
ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɿɧɢ «Ʉɚɩɿɬɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɪɟɦɨɧɬ ɝɚɡɨɧɚɮɬɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɿɜ» ɧɚ ɩɿɞɫ-
ɬɚɜɿ ɧɨɪɦ [8].
ɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɿ ɤɪɟɫɥ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹ ɫɩɪɹɦɥɟɧ-
ɧɹ ɩɥɚɧɭ ɬɪɚɫɢ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɭ, ɧɚ ɹɤɨɦɭ ɧɚɜɨɞɹɬɶɫɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɿ
ɞ ɿ ɥ ɹ ɧ ɤ ɢ ɦ ɿ ɫ ɰ ɟ ɜ ɨ ɫ ɬ ɿ (ɪ ɿ ɥ ɥ ɹ , ɥ ɿ ɫ ɢ , ɛ ɨ ɥ ɨ ɬ ɚ , ɜ ɢ ɝ ɨ ɧ ɢ ), ɩ ɟ ɪ ɟ ɬ ɢ ɧ ɭ ɡ
ɜɨɞɨɬɨɤɚɦɢ, ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɿɥɶɧɢɦɢ ɞɨɪɨɝɚɦɢ ɿ ɡɚɥɿɡɧɢɰɹɦɢ, ɛɚɥɤɚɦɢ
ɿ ɹɪɚɦɢ, ɥɿɧɿɹɦɢ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ ɿ ɡɜ ɹɡɤɭ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɜɭɡɥɢ ɥɿɧɿɣ-
ɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ.
ɰɟɧɬɪɿ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨʀ ɱɚɫɬɢɧ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɽɬɶɫɹ
ɥɿɧɿɣɧɢɣ ɝɪɚɮɿɤ, ɜ ɹɤɨɦɭ ɭ ɮɨɪɦɿ ɞɿɚɝɪɚɦɢ ɡɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɢ
ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɨɤɪɟɦɢɯ ɜɢɞɿɜ ɪɨɛɿɬ ɹɤ ɩɨ ɜɫɿɣ ɞɿɥɹɧɰɿ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨ-
ɞ ɭ ɜ ɰ ɿ ɥ ɨ ɦ ɭ , ɬ ɚ ɤ ɿ ɧ ɚ ɨ ɤ ɪ ɟ ɦ ɢ ɯ ɯ ɚ ɪ ɚ ɤ ɬ ɟ ɪ ɧ ɢ ɯ ɣ ɨ ɝ ɨ ɞ ɿ ɥ ɹ ɧ ɤ ɚ ɯ (ɩ ɟ -
ɪɟɯɨɞɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɿ ɬɚ ɲɬɭɱɧɿ ɩɟɪɟɲɤɨɞɢ, ɜɭɡɥɢ ɥɿɧɿɣɧɨɝɨ
ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɧɚɧɧɹ).
ɧɢɠɧɿ ɱɚ ɤɪɟɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɮɿɤɫɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɧɟ ɜɢɤɨ-
ɤɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɭ ɪɨɛɿ ɭ ɞɨɜɠɢɧɿ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨ-
15
